Note: All file paths (folders) are relative to either master.dat (or critter.dat) if packed, or to Fallout's/Fallout 2's DATA folder if unpacked.
This document describes the format of Fallout and Fallout 2 .PRO (Prototype) files, which are located in PROTO/.
Each item, critter, wall, tile, and piece of scenery in the game has its own corresponding PRO file. The PRO file name is usually generated using the object's ObjectID, pre-padded by zeros so that it's 8 digits. For example, ObjectID of 32 would become 00000032.PRO.
The .PRO files in saved games (in DATA/SAVEGAME/SLOT##/PROTO/) have, like the .SAV files, been gzipped. Adding the extension '.gz' will let most archive utilities open them. Once extracted, they have the format described here.
Format description[]
All controlling values in an PRO file are stored in big-endian format. The first 56 bytes are common for all PROs. Those bytes are followed by values specific for each type (and subtype, for Items and Scenery).
PRO types[]
| Type ID | Object | Location in PROTO/ | File size, in bytes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0x00 | Items | ITEMS/ | 129, 125, 122, 81, 69, 65, or 61, depending on type |
| 0x01 | Critters | CRITTERS/ | 416 in Fallout 2, 412 in Fallout 1 |
| 0x02 | Scenery | SCENERY | 49 or 45, depending on type |
| 0x03 | Walls | WALLS/ | 36 |
| 0x04 | Tiles | TILES/ | 28 |
| 0x05 | Misc | MISC/ | 28 |
Common header[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0000 | 4 | ObjectType & ObjectID
Format:[1] 0xAABBCCCC | | | | | | | | +- ObjectID | +--- Possible part of object ID (see footnote) +----- ObjectType ObjectType: 00: items 01: critters 02: scenery 03: walls 04: tiles 05: misc |
| 0x0004 | 4 | TextID
Normally ObjectID multiplied by 100. This is the line number of the object name & description (TextID+1) in the appropriate message file (directory text/english/game/, file pro_item.msg, pro_crit.msg, pro_scen.msg, pro_wall.msg, pro_tile.msg, or pro_misc.msg). |
| 0x0008 | 4 | FrmType & FrmID
Format:[1] 0xAABBCCCC | | | | | | | | +- FrmID | +--- Possible part of FrmID (see footnote) +----- FrmType FrmType: 00: items 01: critters 02: scenery 03: walls 04: tiles 05: backgrnd 06: intrface 07: inven It is used to determine in what directory to search for the corresponding FRM list and file (critter FRM list and files are in critter.dat).
FrmID: line number in the relevant .lst file (e.g. art/items/items.lst for Items). |
| 0x000C | 4 | Light radius
Values: 0..8 (hexes) |
| 0x0010 | 4 | Light intensity
Values: 0..65536 (0x0000FFFF). According to Fallout 2 mapper, this value is interpreted as 0..100%. |
| 0x0014 | 4 | Flags [2] [3] [4]
0x00000008 - Flat (rendered first, just after tiles) 0x00000010 - NoBlock (doesn't block the tile) 0x00000800 - MultiHex 0x00001000 - No Highlight (doesn't highlight the border; used for containers) 0x00004000 - TransRed 0x00008000 - TransNone (opaque) 0x00010000 - TransWall 0x00020000 - TransGlass 0x00040000 - TransSteam 0x00080000 - TransEnergy 0x10000000 - WallTransEnd (changes transparency egg logic. Set for walls with 1144 - 1155 pid) 0x20000000 - LightThru 0x80000000 - ShootThru |
Items[]
Item types:
| Type ID | Object | File size, in bytes |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Armor | 129 |
| 1 | Container | 65 |
| 2 | Drug | 125 |
| 3 | Weapon | 122 |
| 4 | Ammo | 81 |
| 5 | Misc Item | 69 |
| 6 | Key | 61 |
Common fields[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 3 | Flags Ext
Item Flags: 0x080000 - Hidden Item
0x000008 - Use (can be used) 0x000010 - Use On Smth (can be used on anything) 0x000080 - PickUp
0x000001 - Big Gun 0x000002 - 2Hnd (weapon is two-handed) |
| 0x001B | 1 | Attack Modes:
This value is only used for weapons. This 1-byte value can be divided into two 4-bit components, each of which represents an attack mode: 0 - None 1 - Punch 2 - Kick 3 - Swing 4 - Thrust 5 - Throw 6 - Fire Single 7 - Fire Burst 8 - Flame
|
| 0x001C | 4 | Script ID (script)
Format: 0x0Y00XXXX Y-type specifier (1-spatial, 2-items, 3 - scenery, 4-critters) XXXX-line in scripts.lst If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, there is no script |
| 0x0020 | 4 | ObjSubType
(see proto.msg, starting with the line 150) Values: 0 - Armor 1 - Container 2 - Drug 3 - Weapon 4 - Ammo 5 - Misc 6 - Key |
| 0x0024 | 4 | MaterialID |
| 0x0028 | 4 | Size (volume in containers) |
| 0x002C | 4 | Weight |
| 0x0030 | 4 | Cost |
| 0x0034 | 4 | Inv FID (FRM ID for the item in inventory) |
| 0x0038 | 1 | Sound ID
Sound related to the item: when picked up from the ground, opening a container, etc. Values: 0x21 0x23 0x24 0x30 ... 0x5A |
Armor[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | AC |
| Damage Resistance | ||
| 0x003D | 4 | DR Normal |
| 0x0041 | 4 | DR Laser |
| 0x0045 | 4 | DR Fire |
| 0x0049 | 4 | DR Plasma |
| 0x004D | 4 | DR Electrical |
| 0x0051 | 4 | DR EMP |
| 0x0055 | 4 | DR Explosion |
| Damage Threshold | ||
| 0x0059 | 4 | DT Normal |
| 0x005D | 4 | DT Laser |
| 0x0061 | 4 | DT Fire |
| 0x0065 | 4 | DT Plasma |
| 0x0069 | 4 | DT Electrical |
| 0x006D | 4 | DT EMP |
| 0x0071 | 4 | DT Explosion |
| Other | ||
| 0x0075 | 4 | Perk
(see perk.msg, starting with the line 101) -1 means no perk. Note: the object may have any perk, but not all will work. |
| 0x0079 | 4 | Male FID |
| 0x007D | 4 | Female FID |
Containers[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | Max Size (how much it can contain) |
| 0x003D | 4 | Open Flags:
0x00000001 - Cannot Pick Up (implies Magic Hands Grnd!) 0x00000008 - Magic Hands Grnd (reach down to open/close) |
Drugs[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | Stat0
Determines what character's characteristic is to be changed immediately after taking the drug. Values: (see stat.msg, starting with the line 100) 0 - Strength 1 - Perception 2 - Endurance
-1 - no effect -2 - Amount1 (below) will contain a random number between Amount0, and Amount1 (inclusive) |
| 0x003D | 4 | Stat1
See Stat0 |
| 0x0041 | 4 | Stat2
See Stat0 |
| Instant effect | ||
| 0x0045 | 4 | Amount0
Modifier for Stat0 |
| 0x0049 | 4 | Amount1
Modifier for Stat1 |
| 0x004D | 4 | Amount2
Modifier for Stat2 |
| First delayed effect | ||
| 0x0051 | 4 | Duration1
The time delay for the first effect (in game minutes). |
| 0x0055 | 4 | Amount0
Modifier for Stat0 |
| 0x0059 | 4 | Amount1
Modifier for Stat1 |
| 0x005D | 4 | Amount2
Modifier for Stat2 |
| Second delayed effect | ||
| 0x0061 | 4 | Duration2
The time delay for the second effect. This should be more Duration1. |
| 0x0065 | 4 | Amount0
Modifier for Stat0 |
| 0x0069 | 4 | Amount1
Modifier for Stat1 |
| 0x0065 | 4 | Amount2
Modifier for Stat2 |
| Other | ||
| 0x0071 | 4 | Addiction Rate
The probability of getting addicted, in percent. |
| 0x0075 | 4 | Addiction Effect
Number of the perk to be given when the player is addicted. Values: (see perk.msg, starting with the line 101) -1 for no perk Note: any perk can be used, but not all will work. |
| 0x0079 | 4 | Addiction Onset
Delay before the addiction effect is applied. |
Weapons[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | Anim Code
Which frameset is used for characters wielding that weapon. Values: 0x00 - None (A) 0x01 - Knife (D) 0x02 - Club (E) 0x03 - Sledgehammer (F) 0x04 - Spear (G) 0x05 - Pistol (H) 0x06 - SMG (I) 0x07 - Rifle (J) 0x08 - Big Gun (K) 0x09 - Minigun (L) 0x0A - Rocket Launcher (M) |
| 0x003D | 4 | Min Dmg |
| 0x0041 | 4 | Max Dmg |
| 0x0045 | 4 | Dmg Type
(see proto.msg, starting with the line 250) 0 - Normal 1 - Laser 2 - Fire 3 - Plasma 4 - Electrical 5 - EMP 6 - Explosive |
| 0x0049 | 4 | Max Range 1
The maximum distance for Primary Attack |
| 0x004D | 4 | Max Range 2
The maximum distance for Secondary Attack |
| 0x0051 | 4 | Proj PID
Format: 0x0500YYYY
where YYYY is an index in misc.lst |
| 0x0055 | 4 | Min ST
The minimum strength required to use the weapon |
| 0x0059 | 4 | AP Cost 1
The number of AP for Primary Attack |
| 0x005D | 4 | MP Cost 2
The number of AP for Secondary Attack |
| 0x0061 | 4 | Crit Fail
Number of the list of critical failures possible for this weapon. |
| 0x0065 | 4 | Perk
Number of the perk associated with this weapon.
Values: see perk.msg, starting with the line 101; -1 for no perk
Note: the weapons can be have any perk, but not all will work. |
| 0x0069 | 4 | Rounds
The number of rounds fired in a burst attack. |
| 0x006D | 4 | Caliber
Values: see proto.msg, starting with the line 300 |
| 0x0071 | 4 | Ammo PID
Index in items.lst |
| 0x0075 | 4 | Max Ammo (size of the magazine) |
| 0x0079 | 1 | Sound ID
Sound effects for the weapon: shooting, reloading, etc. Line number in master.dat/sound/sfx/sndlist.lst |
Ammo[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | Caliber (ammo type)
Values: see proto.msg, starting with the line 300 |
| 0x003D | 4 | Quantity
The number of rounds in a magazine |
| 0x0041 | 4 | AC modifier |
| 0x0045 | 4 | DR modifier |
| 0x0049 | 4 | Dam Mult
The multiplier part of the ammo damage mod. |
| 0x004D | 4 | Dam Div
The divisor part of the ammo damage mod. |
Misc[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | Power PID
Index in items.lst |
| 0x003D | 4 | Power Type
Values: see proto.msg, starting with the line 300 |
| 0x0041 | 4 | Charges
The maximum number of charges |
Keys[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0039 | 4 | KeyCode
always 0xFFFFFFFF |
Critters[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 4 | Flags Ext
Action Flags: 0x00002000 0x00004000 |
| 0x001C | 4 | Script ID
Format: 0x0Y00XXXX Y-type specifier (1-spatial, 2-items, 3 - scenery, 4-critters) XXXX-room in scripts.lst If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, there is no script |
| 0x0020 | 4 | Head FID (for talking heads)
(see <FRM- File Format identifier for Fallout1 & 2>) |
| 0x0024 | 4 | AI Packet
Format: 0x00000XXX XXX-see ai.txt, parameter packet_num Note: Some numbers can be drawn from packages and aibdymsg.txt aigenmsg.txt. Similarly ai.txt. |
| 0x0028 | 4 | Team Num |
| 0x002C | 4 | Flags
Critter Flags: 0x00000002 - Barter (can trade with) 0x00000020 - Steal (cannot steal from) 0x00000040 - Drop (doesn't drop items) 0x00000080 - Limbs (can not lose limbs) 0x00000100 - Ages (dead body does not disappear) 0x00000200 - Heal (damage is not cured with time) 0x00000400 - Invulnerable (cannot be hurt) 0x00000800 - Flatten (leaves no dead body) 0x00001000 - Special (there is a special type of death) 0x00002000 - Range (melee attack is possible at a distance) 0x00004000 - Knock (cannot be knocked down) |
| Base values of primary stats | ||
| 0x0030 | 4 | Strength (1-10) |
| 0x0034 | 4 | Perception (1-10) |
| 0x0038 | 4 | Endurance (1-10) |
| 0x003C | 4 | Charisma (1-10) |
| 0x0040 | 4 | Intelligence (1-10) |
| 0x0044 | 4 | Agility (1-10) |
| 0x0048 | 4 | Luck (1-10) |
| 0x004C | 4 | HP |
| 0x0050 | 4 | AP |
| 0x0054 | 4 | AC |
| 0x0058 | 4 | Unarmed damage (UNUSED, use Melee damage instead) |
| 0x005C | 4 | Melee damage |
| 0x0060 | 4 | Carry weight (0-999) |
| 0x0064 | 4 | Sequence |
| 0x0068 | 4 | Healing rate |
| 0x006C | 4 | Critical chance |
| 0x0070 | 4 | Better criticals |
| Base values of DR and DT | ||
| 0x0074 | 4 | DT Normal |
| 0x0078 | 4 | DT Laser |
| 0x007C | 4 | DT Fire |
| 0x0080 | 4 | DT Plasma |
| 0x0084 | 4 | DT Electrical |
| 0x0088 | 4 | DT EMP |
| 0x008C | 4 | DT Explosive |
| 0x0090 | 4 | DR Normal |
| 0x0094 | 4 | DR Laser |
| 0x0098 | 4 | DR Fire |
| 0x009C | 4 | DR Plasma |
| 0x00A0 | 4 | DR Electrical |
| 0x00A4 | 4 | DR EMP |
| 0x00A8 | 4 | DR Explosive |
| 0x00AC | 4 | DR Radiation |
| 0x00B0 | 4 | DR Poison |
| Basic age and sex | ||
| 0x00B4 | 4 | Age (1-99) |
| 0x00B8 | 4 | Gender (0-male, 1-female) |
| Bonuses to primary stats | ||
| 0x00BC | 4 | Strength (1-10) |
| 0x00C0 | 4 | Perception (1-10) |
| 0x00C4 | 4 | Endurance (1-10) |
| 0x00C8 | 4 | Charisma (1-10) |
| 0x00CC | 4 | Intelligence (1-10) |
| 0x00D0 | 4 | Agility (1-10) |
| 0x00D4 | 4 | Luck (1-10) |
| 0x00D8 | 4 | HP |
| 0x00DC | 4 | AP |
| 0x00E0 | 4 | AC |
| 0x00E4 | 4 | Unarmed damage (UNUSED, use Melee damage instead) |
| 0x00E8 | 4 | Melee damage |
| 0x00EC | 4 | Carry weight (0-999) |
| 0x00F0 | 4 | Sequence |
| 0x00F4 | 4 | Healing rate |
| 0x00F8 | 4 | Critical chance |
| 0x00FC | 4 | Better criticals |
| Bonuses to DT and DR | ||
| 0x0100 | 4 | DT Normal |
| 0x0104 | 4 | DT Laser |
| 0x0108 | 4 | DT Fire |
| 0x010C | 4 | DT Plasma |
| 0x0110 | 4 | DT Electrical |
| 0x0114 | 4 | DT EMP |
| 0x0118 | 4 | DT Explosive |
| 0x011C | 4 | DR Normal |
| 0x0120 | 4 | DR Laser |
| 0x0124 | 4 | DR Fire |
| 0x0128 | 4 | DR Plasma |
| 0x012C | 4 | DR Electrical |
| 0x0130 | 4 | DR EMP |
| 0x0134 | 4 | DR Explosive |
| 0x0138 | 4 | DR Radiation |
| 0x013C | 4 | DR Poison |
| Bonuses to age and sex | ||
| 0x0140 | 4 | Age (1-99) |
| 0x0144 | 4 | Gender (0-male, 1-female) |
| Skills | ||
| 0x0148 | 4 | Small guns (0-300) |
| 0x014C | 4 | Big guns (0-300) |
| 0x0150 | 4 | Energy weapons (0-300) |
| 0x0154 | 4 | Unarmed (0-300) |
| 0x0158 | 4 | Melee (0-300) |
| 0x015C | 4 | Throwing (0-300) |
| 0x0160 | 4 | First aid (0-300) |
| 0x0164 | 4 | Doctor (0-300) |
| 0x0168 | 4 | Sneak (0-300) |
| 0x016C | 4 | Lockpick (0-300) |
| 0x0170 | 4 | Steal (0-300) |
| 0x0174 | 4 | Traps (0-300) |
| 0x0178 | 4 | Science (0-300) |
| 0x017C | 4 | Repair (0-300) |
| 0x0180 | 4 | Speech (0-300) |
| 0x0184 | 4 | Barter (0-300) |
| 0x0188 | 4 | Gambling (0-300) |
| 0x018C | 4 | Outdoorsman (0-300) |
| Other | ||
| 0x0190 | 4 | Body Type
(see proto.msg, starting with the line 400) 0x0 - biped 0x1 - quadruped 0x2 - robotic |
| 0x0194 | 4 | Exp Val
Amount of experience gained for killing this critter |
| 0x0198 | 4 | Kill Type
(see proto.msg, starting with the line 1450) 0x00 - Men 0x01 - Women 0x02 - Children 0x03 - Super Mutants 0x04 - Ghouls 0x05 - Brahmin 0x06 - Radscorpions 0x07 - Rats 0x08 - Floaters 0x09 - Centaurs 0x0A - Robots 0x0B - Dogs 0x0C - Manti 0x0D - DeathClaws 0x0E - Plants (only applies to Fallout 2) 0x0F - Geckos (only applies to Fallout 2) 0x10 - Aliens (only applies to Fallout 2) 0x11 - Giant Ants (only applies to Fallout 2) 0x12 - Big Bad Boss (only applies to Fallout 2) |
| 0x019C | 4 | Damage Type
(see proto.msg, starting with the line 250) 0x0 - Normal 0x1 - Laser 0x2 - Fire 0x3 - Plasma 0x4 - Electrical 0x5 - EMP 0x6 - Explode |
Scenery[]
Types of scenery:
| Scenery ID | Type | .pro file size, in bytes |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Door | 49 |
| 1 | Stairs | 49 |
| 2 | Elevator | 49 |
| 3 | Ladder Bottom | 45 |
| 4 | Ladder Top | 45 |
| 5 | Generic Scenery | 45 |
Common Fields[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 2 | Wall Light Type Flags |
| 0x001A | 2 | Action Flags |
| 0x001C | 4 | ScriptType & ScriptID |
| 0x0020 | 4 | ScenerySubType
[5] Values: 0: Door 1: Stairs 2: Elevator 3: Ladder Bottom 4: Ladder Top 5: Generic Scenery |
| 0x0024 | 4 | MaterialID |
| 0x0028 | 1 | SoundID
Values (according to the list in Fallout 2 mapper): 0x21 0x23 0x24 0x30..0x5A |
Door[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | WalkThru Flag
Values: 0x0000000F: yes |
| 0x002D | 4 | (unknown)
0xCCCCCCCC (mostly) or 0xFFFFFFFF (sometimes) |
Stairs[6][]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | DestTile & DestElev |
| 0x002D | 4 | DestMap
Value is a map number in data\maps.txt (hard-coded list in Fallout?), -1 goes to the worldmap. |
Elevator[6][]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | ElevType
Values from 0x00 to 0x17 |
| 0x002D | 4 | ElevLevel
Current level of the elevator (not to be confused with the level of map!). This parameter specifies which floor the arrow initially points at. |
Ladder Bottom[6][]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | DestTile & DestElev |
Ladder Top[6][]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | DestTile & DestElev |
Generic Scenery[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0029 | 4 | (Unkown)
0xCCCCCCCC (mostly) or 0xFFFFFFFF (sometimes) |
Walls[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 2 | Wall Light Type Flags |
| 0x001A | 2 | Action Flags |
| 0x001C | 4 | ScriptType & ScriptID |
| 0x0020 | 4 | MaterialID |
Tiles[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 4 | MaterialID |
Misc[]
| Offset | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0x0018 | 4 | Unknown, presumably unused |
Repeated values[]
These are values that appear in more than one PRO type/subtype.
| Length | Description |
|---|---|
| 2 | Wall Light Type Flags
0x0000 - North / South 0x0800 - East / West 0x1000 - North Corner 0x2000 - South Corner 0x4000 - East Corner 0x8000 - West Corner |
| 2 | Action Flags
0x0001 - Kneel down when using 0x0008 - Use (can be used) 0x0010 - Use On Smth (can be used on anything) 0x0020 - Look 0x0040 - Talk 0x0080 - PickUp |
| 4 | DestTile & DestElev
Format:[1] 0xABCCDDDD | | | | | | | | +- DestTile | +--- Possible part of DestElev (see footnote) +----- DestElev DestElev: A can be anything[7], B values: 0x0: zero 0x2: first 0x4: second DestTile values: 0 to 40000. |
| 4 | ScriptType & ScriptID
-1 (0xFFFFFFFF) for none.
Format:[1] 0xAABBCCCC | | | | | | | | +- ScriptID | +--- Possible part of ScriptID (see footnote) +----- ScriptType ScriptType:[8] 03: Holodisk ScriptID: Number of the line in scripts/scripts.lst that has the filename of the required script. |
| 4 | MaterialID
[9] Values: 0: Glass 1: Metal 2: Plastic 3: Wood 4: Dirt 5: Stone 6: Cement 7: Leather |
Footnotes & references[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 It is currently unknown how the second byte is (or isn't) used. It is possible, and even likely, that instead of reading the value as two separate numbers (ignoring the second byte), all 4 bytes are actually read as a single number, of which the first byte is then split away. That would leave 3 bytes for ObjectID (instead of 2), allowing ObjectIDs up to 2^24 (16777215 or 8388607) instead of just 2^16 (65535 or 32767).
- ↑ Even though the data is present in the file, the flags are not used for Tiles — the value is always -1 (0xFFFFFFFF).
- ↑ TransNone, TransWall, TransGlass, TransSteam and TransEnergy flags are mutually exclusive, but TransNone is not default value, default is empty. If any of Trans* flags are set, than the object is not affected by transparency egg
- ↑ There is information that there is another flag, "0x00000020 - Lights (gives off light, see fields Light radius and Light intensity)". Considered false until proven otherwise, since doesn't show up anywhere in Fallout 2 mapper (instead, the Light Radius, Light Intensity and/or Wall Light Type Flags seem to be used to determine wether the proto gives off light at all)
- ↑ See text/game/proto.msg, starting with the line 200.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 These values are not normally saved in the .pro file (space filled with 0xFF), as they only make sense when actually put on a map.
- ↑ Setting DestElev in Fallout 2 mapper autmatically sets A to 0xC.
- ↑ Older information suggests "1-spatial, 2-items, 3-scenery, 4-critters", but since 3 is actualy "Holodisk", at least in items, it is not trusted.
- ↑ See proto.msg, starting with the line 100.
Credits for the original (pre-wiki) article[]
Originally written by Borg Locutus
Re-written and extended by Serge, R&D Group Leader, TeamX
Additional info by Tarantul.
Some info borrowed from FIME item editor manual by Garry
Revised by DIMS.
Translated by Dr. W95
Most content comes from the TeamX document