Fallout FON-files format.
This document describes FON- format files. The information was obtained in the course of reviewing relevant functions in the file Mapper2.exe. The names of the structures and their fields used in the program were received from the debugging information in the file Mapper2.exe.
Background[]
Fonts from FON files are used for displaying information on the Fallout and Fallout 2 worldmap (according to information provided by Wasteland Ghost). All fonts are non-scalable, raster, and do not contain any anti-aliasing information.
Structure[]
The FON file format is given in Table 2.1.
| Offset | Size | Type | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0x0000 | 4 | int | Header | The number of character images in the file. A shorthand notation num is used below.Note: Some characters are not included because they weren't included in the file(s). |
| 0x0004 | 4 | int | The height of the font in points | |
| 0x0008 | 4 | int | The distance between adjacent symbols in points | |
| 0x000C | 4 | FontInfo* | Pointer to an array of structures that describe the characters
Note: This field is only important in the memory of the computer. Inside the file, it has no meaning. | |
| 0x0010 | 4 | unsigned char* | Pointer to an array of images of each individual character's data.
Note: This field is only important in the memory of the computer. Inside the file, it has no meaning. | |
| 0x0014 | 4 | int | An array of characters descriptors | Symbol 0 width |
| 0x0018 | 4 | int | Symbol 0 position in a block of data (what is this "block of data"? in memory or in the file? please explain) | |
| 0x001C | 4 | int | Symbol 1 width | |
| 0x0020 | 4 | int | Symbol 1 position in a block of data (what is this "block of data"? in memory or in the file? please explain) | |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 0x0014 + 8 * num | 1 | unsigned char | Characters' images data | |
| ... | ... | ... |
To work with FON files, mapper2.exe and fallout2.exe use the following structure:
Header[]
typedef struct {
int num; // The number of images of characters in the file
int height; // height of the font in points
int spacing; // The distance between adjacent symbols at the points
FontInfo* info; // Pointer to the array structures, describing characters
unsigned char* data; // Pointer to the array structures, describing symbol)
} Font;
Symbol descriptor[]
typedef struct {
int width; // width character's points
int offset; // The image characters in a block of data
} FontInfo;
The size of the block of data depicting characters determined as follows:
last = font.num-1; // Index of last character in the font size = font.info[last].offset + (font.info[last].width + 7) / 8 * font.height;
Through Construction[]
(font.info[last].width + 7) / 8
determined by the number of bytes needed to store information on one line symbol image. Information on the image stored as a symbol bit matrix.
Example[]
Let there is a symbol of a size 8x16 points of the image which is described as follows block data
00 00 7e 81 a5 81 81 bd 99 81 81 7e 00 00 00 00
The number of bytes needed to store information on one line symbol image
bytesPerLine = (8 + 7) / 8 = 1
Bit matrix takes the form of
00 00000000 ........ 00 00000000 ........ 7e 01111110 .######. 81 10000001 #......# a5 10100101 #.#..#.# 81 10000001 #......# 81 10000001 #......# bd ==> 10111101 ==> #.####.# 99 10011001 #..##..# 81 10000001 #......# 81 10000001 #......# 7e 01111110 .######. 00 00000000 ........ 00 00000000 ........ 00 00000000 ........ 00 00000000 ........
FON viewer source code[]
This program was written by Anchorite, and was compiled in MSVS 2003.NET.
// Fallout FON-file viewer
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//Modifications by QuantumApprentice
// This program was originally written for x32 computers
// So compiling it for x64 changes the way the FontInfo* pointer
// lines up with char* data when reading in sizeof(Font)
//Assigning a specific value of 20 bytes to read in
// fixes this alignment issue, especially since the
// pointers themselves contain garbage values that only
// pertained to the computer they were created on
#pragma pack(1) // Struct memory alignment - 1 bytes
typedef struct {
int width;
int offset;
} FontInfo;
typedef struct {
int num;
int height;
int spacing;
FontInfo* info;
unsigned char* data;
} Font;
#pragma pop
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
FILE* fp;
Font font;
int last;
int size;
int i;
printf("Fallout FON-files viewer, version 1.0\n");
printf("Copyright (C) Anchorite (TeamX), 2005\n");
printf("anchorite2001@yandex.ru\n");
printf("\n");
if (argc < 2) {
printf("Usage: %s file.fon\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
// Read file
fp = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
if (!fp) {
printf("Error: Unable open %s\n", argv[1]);
return -1;
}
//Changing this line fixes a read alignment issue
//as documented above - QA
// if (fread(&font, sizeof(font), 1, fp) != 1) {
if (fread(&font, 20, 1, fp) != 1) {
printf("Error: Unable read FON-file header\n");
fclose(fp);
return -1;
}
font.info = malloc(font.num * sizeof(FontInfo));
if (font.info == NULL) {
printf("Error: Unable allocate memory for glyphs info\n");
fclose(fp);
return -1;
}
if (fread(font.info, sizeof(FontInfo), font.num, fp) != font.num) {
printf("Error: Unable read info about glyphs\n");
free(font.info);
fclose(fp);
return -1;
}
last = font.num - 1;
size = font.info[last].offset + (font.info[last].width + 7) / 8 * font.height;
font.data = malloc(size);
if (font.data == NULL) {
printf("Error: Unable allocate memory for glyphs\n");
free(font.info);
fclose(fp);
return -1;
}
if (fread(font.data, 1, size, fp) != size) {
printf("Error: Unable read glyphs\n");
free(font.data);
free(font.info);
fclose(fp);
return -1;
}
fclose(fp);
// Font info
printf("Number of glyphs: %d\n", font.num);
printf("Height: %d\n", font.height);
printf("Spacing: %d\n", font.spacing);
printf("\n");
// Glyphs
for(i = 0; i < font.num; i++) {
printf("Glyph %d (0x%02X)\n", i, i);
printf("================\n");
printf("Width: %d\n", font.info[i].width);
printf("Offset: 0x%08X (%d)\n", font.info[i].offset, font.info[i].offset);
printf("Offset from begin of file: 0x%08X (%d)\n",
sizeof(font) + sizeof(FontInfo) * font.num + font.info[i].offset,
sizeof(font) + sizeof(FontInfo) * font.num + font.info[i].offset);
printf("\n");
if (font.height * font.info[i].width != 0) {
int offset = font.info[i].offset;
int bytesPerLine = (font.info[i].width + 7) / 8;
int j;
int h;
for(h = 0; h < font.height; h++) {
for(j = 0; j < font.info[i].width; j++) {
if (font.data[offset + h * bytesPerLine + (j / 8)] & (1 << (7 - (j % 8)))) {
printf("#");
}
else {
printf(".");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
}
else {
printf("Empty\n");
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
}
}
// Free font data
free(font.data);
free(font.info);
return 0;
}
Program update[]
The following code was 99.9% based off of Anchorite's previous version. I (Ghouly89) have simply taken the liberty to update the code, and make this program more user-friendly. I do not claim any credit for the FON-viewer source code. This program was compiled in Dev-Cpp 4.9.9.2.
// Fallout FON-file viewer
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#pragma pack(1) // Struct memory alignment - 1 bytes
/*
Changes by Ghouly89:
* Removed argument counter / argument string array variables so user can deal straight through the program console
* Added character string "fileName" to hold the .FON file name to be opened and read
* Made all text output to a local (same directory) file titled "font.txt"
*/
typedef struct {
int width;
int offset;
} FontInfo;
typedef struct {
int num;
int height;
int spacing;
FontInfo* info;
unsigned char* data;
} Font;
int main()
{
FILE* fontFile;
FILE* fontText;
Font font;
int last;
int size;
int i;
char fileName[100];
system("TITLE Fallout font viewer");
system("COLOR 0A");
printf("Enter the name of the .FON file to open (output can be found in font.txt) : ");
printf("\n\n\n\t");
gets(fileName);
fontText = fopen("font.txt", "w");
fprintf(fontText, "Fallout FON-files viewer, version 1.0\n");
fprintf(fontText, "Copyright (C) Anchorite (TeamX), 2005\n");
fprintf(fontText, "anchorite2001@yandex.ru\n");
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
// Read file
fontFile = fopen(fileName, "rb");
if (!fontFile) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to open %s\n", fileName);
return -1;
}
if (fread(&font, sizeof(font), 1, fontFile) != 1) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to read FON-file header\n");
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
return -1;
}
font.info = malloc(font.num * sizeof(FontInfo));
if (font.info == NULL) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to allocate memory for glyphs info\n");
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
return -1;
}
if (fread(font.info, sizeof(FontInfo), font.num, fontFile) != font.num) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to read info about glyphs\n");
free(font.info);
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
return -1;
}
last = font.num - 1;
size = font.info[last].offset + (font.info[last].width + 7) / 8 * font.height;
font.data = malloc(size);
if (font.data == NULL) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to allocate memory for glyphs\n");
free(font.info);
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
return -1;
}
if (fread(font.data, 1, size, fontFile) != size) {
fprintf(fontText, "Error: Unable to read glyphs\n");
free(font.data);
free(font.info);
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
return -1;
}
fclose(fontFile);
// Font info
fprintf(fontText, "Number of glyphs: %d\n", font.num);
fprintf(fontText, "Height: %d\n", font.height);
fprintf(fontText, "Spacing: %d\n", font.spacing);
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
// Glyphs
for(i = 0; i < font.num; i++) {
fprintf(fontText, "Glyph %d (0x%02X)\n", i, i);
fprintf(fontText, "================\n");
fprintf(fontText, "Width: %d\n", font.info[i].width);
fprintf(fontText, "Offset: 0x%08X (%d)\n", font.info[i].offset, font.info[i].offset);
fprintf(fontText, "Offset from beginning of file: 0x%08X (%d)\n",
sizeof(font) + sizeof(FontInfo) * font.num + font.info[i].offset,
sizeof(font) + sizeof(FontInfo) * font.num + font.info[i].offset);
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
if (font.height * font.info[i].width != 0) {
int offset = font.info[i].offset;
int bytesPerLine = (font.info[i].width + 7) / 8;
int j;
int h;
for(h = 0; h < font.height; h++) {
for(j = 0; j < font.info[i].width; j++) {
if (font.data[offset + h * bytesPerLine + (j / 8)] & (1 << (7 - (j % 8)))) {
fprintf(fontText, "#");
}
else {
fprintf(fontText, ".");
}
}
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
}
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
}
else {
fprintf(fontText, "Empty\n");
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
fprintf(fontText, "\n");
}
}
printf("\n\n");
printf("Font data read to file.");
getch();
// Close the .FON file and the "font.txt" file
fclose(fontFile);
fclose(fontText);
// Free font data
free(font.data);
free(font.info);
return 0;
}
External links[]
- The original document can be found on teamX's website. Original document author: Anchorite.