Color in Fallout
The paper describes the color algorithms (Palette => RGB, RGB => Index in the palette, animated color) used in Fallout. Information about them was obtained in the course of reviewing relevant functions in the file Mapper2.exe and Fallout2.exe.
1. Transforming 'palette => RGB'[]
Transforming 'palette => RGB' presented to the following pattern.
+----------------------------------+
| Brightness (currentGamma) (4) |
+----------------------------------+
|
+--------------+ V
| Palette | +----------------------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
| from | | Translation color | | System | | DirectDraw |
| PAL-file (1) | | table (2) | | palette | | palette |
+-----+--------+ +----+-----------------------+ +-----+-------+ +-----+-------+
| | Red |-------------------->| 0 | pow (0, currentGamma) | | | Red | | | Red |
| +--------+ +----+-----------------------+ | +-------+ | +-------+
| 0 | Green | | 1 | pow (1, currentGamma) |-------->| 0 | Green | | 0 | Green |
| +--------+ +----+-----------------------+ | +-------+ | +-------+
| | Blue | | ... | | | Blue | | | Blue |
+-----+--------+ +----+-----------------------+ +-----+-------+ Red << 2 +-----+-------+
| | Red | +---->| 63 | pow (63, currentGamma)| | | Red |-- Green << 2 -->| | Red |
| +--------+ | +----+-----------------------+ | +-------+ Blue << 2 | +-------+
| 1 | Green | | | 1 | Green | | 1 | Green |
| +--------+ | | +-------+ | +-------+
| | Blue | | | | Blue | | | Blue |
+-----+--------+ | +-----+-------+ +-----+-------+
| ... |
+-----+--------+ +-----+-------+ +-----+-------+
| | Red | Red >> 2 | | Red | | | Red |
| +--------+ Green >> 2 | +-------+ | +-------+
| 255 | Green | Blue >> 2 | 255 | Green | | 255 | Green |
| +--------+ | +-------+ | +-------+
| | Blue | | | | Blue | | | Blue |
+-----+--------+ | +-----+-------+ +-----+-------+
|
|
|
+---------------------------+ |
| Animated color (3) |--+
+---------------------------+
- While the loading the PAL file, if the value of a component of a color is not in the range 0 .. 63, the value of all components of that color piled are set to 0.
- If the computed value is less 0, the value of the corresponding table element is set to 0. If the computed value is greater 63, the value of the appropriate element of the table is set to 63. ('pow' is the function for raising a number to a power)
- See 3. Animated color
- In Fallout the currentGamma variable is the type of double and varies from 1.000000 to 1.179993.
It should be noted that changes brightness algorithm used is a zero-defect and the first element of the color conversion table will never change.
Transforming 'RGB => Index in the palette'[]
Transforming 'RGB => index of the palette' presented to the following pattern.
Red Green Blue
+---------|-----+ +---------|-----+ +---------|-----+
|7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
+---------|-----+ +---------|-----+ +---------|-----+
| | |
| | |
+-----+ | +-----+
| | |
V V V
+-|--------------|--------------|--------------+
|0|R7|R6|R5|R4|R3|G7|G6|G5|G4|G3|B7|B6|B5|B4|B3|
+-|--------------|--------------|--------------+
The resulting number is used as an index in the PAL file conversion table 'RGB => index of the palette'. Perhaps the tables on the relevant index and the index is desired in the palette.
Animated color[]
In Fallout 'Animated color' has been used to reduce the size of image files, as do allow one frame izmenyayuschimesya with flowers instead of a few static frames with flowers. The user can control the 'Animated color' with two parameters in files fallout2.cfg and mapper2.cfg
[system] color_cycling = 1 cycle_speed_factor = 1
The value color_cycling allowed (1) / prohibited (0) animation colors. Cycle_speed_factor parameter governs the speed of animation, the higher the parameter so less frequently change color. There are six groups Animated in primary colors with different parameters (see Table 3.1).
Table 3.1 - Initial parameters teams' colors Animirovannyh '
| Title | Number of colors | Indices in the palette | Color components | Period of cycle | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mucus | 4 | 229 .. 232 | 0 | Red | 0 | 200 ms |
| Green | 108 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 1 | Red | 11 | ||||
| Green | 115 | |||||
| Blue | 7 | |||||
| 2 | Red | 27 | ||||
| Green | 123 | |||||
| Blue | 15 | |||||
| 3 | Red | 43 | ||||
| Green | 131 | |||||
| Blue | 27 | |||||
| Coastline | 6 | 248 .. 253 | 0 | Red | 83 | 200 ms |
| Green | 63 | |||||
| Blue | 43 | |||||
| 1 | Red | 75 | ||||
| Green | 59 | |||||
| Blue | 43 | |||||
| 2 | Red | 67 | ||||
| Green | 55 | |||||
| Blue | 39 | |||||
| 3 | Red | 63 | ||||
| Green | 51 | |||||
| Blue | 39 | |||||
| 4 | Red | 55 | ||||
| Green | 47 | |||||
| Blue | 35 | |||||
| 5 | Red | 51 | ||||
| Green | 43 | |||||
| Blue | 35 | |||||
| Medlennogoryaschee plyamya | 5 | 238 .. 242 | 0 | Red | 255 | 200 ms |
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 1 | Red 215 | |||||
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 2 | Red | 147 | ||||
| Green | 43 | |||||
| Blue | 11 | |||||
| 3 | Red | 255 | ||||
| Green | 119 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 4 | Red | 255 | ||||
| Green | 59 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| Bystrogoryaschee plyamya | 5 | 243 .. 247 | 0 | Red | 71 | 142 ms |
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 1 | Red | 123 | ||||
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 2 | Red | 179 | ||||
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 3 | Red | 123 | ||||
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| 4 | Red | 71 | ||||
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
| Monitors | 5 | 233 .. 237 | 0 | Red | 107 | 100 ms |
| Green | 107 | |||||
| Blue | 111 | |||||
| 1 | Red | 99 | ||||
| Green | 103 | |||||
| Blue | 127 | |||||
| 2 | Red | 87 | ||||
| Green | 107 | |||||
| Blue | 143 | |||||
| 3 | Red | 0 | ||||
| Green | 147 | |||||
| Blue | 163 | |||||
| 4 | Red | 107 | ||||
| Green | 187 | |||||
| Blue | 255 | |||||
| Alarm | 1 | 254 | 0 | Red | 252 | 33 ms |
| Green | 0 | |||||
| Blue | 0 | |||||
Note: Periods of changes have been introduced to cycle_speed_factor = 1
Laws change colors appear below in the form of function.
// palette
BYTE g_Palette [768]
// Start Value color
BYTE g_nSlime [] = (0, 108, 0, 11, 115, 7, 27, 123, 15, 43, 131, 27); // Mucus
BYTE g_nMonitors [] = (107, 107, 111, 99, 103, 127, 87, 107, 143, 0, 147, 163, 107, 187, 255); // Monitors
BYTE g_nFireSlow [] = (255, 0, 0, 215, 0, 0, 147, 43, 11, 255, 119, 0, 255, 59, 0); // Medlennogoryaschy fire
BYTE g_nFireFast [] = (71, 0, 0, 123, 0, 0, 179, 0 , 0, 123, 0, 0, 71, 0, 0); // Bystrogoryaschy fire
BYTE g_nShoreline [] = (83, 63, 43, 75, 59, 43, 67, 55, 39, 63, 51, 39, 55, 47, 35, 51, 43, 35); // Seaside
BYTE g_nBlinkingRed = 252; // Signaling
// Current value of the parameter cycle
DWORD g_dwSlimeCurrent = 0;
DWORD g_dwMonitorsCurrent = 0;
DWORD g_dwFireSlowCurrent = 0;
DWORD g_dwFireFastCurrent = 0;
DWORD g_dwShorelineCurrent = 0;
BYTE g_nBlinkingRedCurrent = 0;
// Time previous change in color
DWORD g_dwLastCycleSlow = 0;
DWORD g_dwLastCycleMedium = 0;
DWORD g_dwLastCycleFast = 0;
DWORD g_dwLastCycleVeryFast = 0;
// Current value koeffitsieta speed animation
DWORD g_dwCycleSpeedFactor = 1;
void AnimatePalette()
{
BOOL bPaletteChanged = FALSE;
DWORD dwCurrentTime = GetTickCount();
if (dwCurrentTime - g_dwLastCycleSlow >= 200 * g_dwCycleSpeedFactor) {
// Slime
DWORD dwSlimeCurrentWork = g_dwSlimeCurrent;
for (int i = 3; i >= 0, i--) {
g_Palette[687 + i * 3] = g_nSlime[dwSlimeCurrentWork * 3] >> 2; // Red
g_Palette[687 + i * 3 + 1] = g_nSlime[dwSlimeCurrentWork * 3 + 1] >> 2; // Green
g_Palette[687 + i * 3 + 2] = g_nSlime[dwSlimeCurrentWork * 3 + 2] >> 2; // Blue
if (dwSlimeCurrentWork == 3)
dwSlimeCurrentWork = 0;
else
dwSlimeCurrentWork++;
}
if (g_dwSlimeCurrent == 3)
g_dwSlimeCurrent = 0;
else
g_dwSlimeCurrent++;
// Shoreline
DWORD dwShorelineCurrentWork = g_dwShorelineCurrent;
for (int i = 5; i >= 0, i--) {
g_Palette[744 + i * 3] = g_nShoreline[dwShorelineCurrentWork * 3] >> 2; // Red
g_Palette[744 + i * 3 + 1] = g_nShoreline[dwShorelineCurrentWork * 3 + 1] >> 2; // Green
g_Palette[744 + i * 3 + 2] = g_nShoreline[dwShorelineCurrentWork * 3 + 2] >> 2; // Blue
if (dwShorelineCurrentWork == 5)
dwShorelineCurrentWork = 0;
else
dwShorelineCurrentWork++;
}
if (g_dwShorelineCurrent == 5)
g_dwShorelineCurrent = 0;
else
g_dwShorelineCurrent++;
// Fire_slow
DWORD dwFireSlowCurrentWork = g_dwFireSlowCurrent;
for (int i = 4; i >= 0, i--) {
g_Palette[714 + i * 3] = g_nFireSlow[dwFireSlowCurrentWork * 3] >> 2; // Red
g_Palette[714 + i * 3 + 1] = g_nFireSlow[dwFireSlowCurrentWork * 3 + 1] >> 2; // Green
g_Palette[714 + i * 3 + 2] = g_nFireSlow[dwFireSlowCurrentWork * 3 + 2] >> 2; // Blue
if (dwFireSlowCurrentWork == 4)
dwFireSlowCurrentWork = 0;
else
dwFireSlowCurrentWork++;
}
if (g_dwFireSlowCurrent == 4)
g_dwFireSlowCurrent = 0;
else
g_dwFireSlowCurrent++;
g_dwLastCycleSlow = dwCurrentTime;
bPaletteChanged = TRUE;
}
dwCurrentTime = GetTickCount()
if (dwCurrentTime - g_dwLastCycleMedium >= 142 * g_dwCycleSpeedFactor) {
// Fire_fast
DWORD dwFireFastCurrentWork = g_dwFireFastCurrent;
for (int i = 4; i >= 0, i--) {
g_Palette[729 + i * 3] = g_nFireFast[dwFireFastCurrentWork * 3] >> 2; // Red
g_Palette[729 + i * 3 + 1] = g_nFireFast[dwFireFastCurrentWork * 3 + 1] >> 2; // Green
g_Palette[729 + i * 3 + 2] = g_nFireFast[dwFireFastCurrentWork * 3 + 2] >> 2; // Blue
if (dwFireFastCurrentWork == 4)
dwFireFastCurrentWork = 0;
else
dwFireFastCurrentWork++;
}
if (g_dwFireFastCurrent == 4)
g_dwFireFastCurrent = 0;
else
g_dwFireFastCurrent++;
g_dwLastCycleMedium = dwCurrentTime;
bPaletteChanged = TRUE;
}
dwCurrentTime = GetTickCount();
if (dwCurrentTime - g_dwLastCycleFast >= 100 * g_dwCycleSpeedFactor) {
// Monitors
DWORD dwMonitorsCurrentWork = g_dwMonitorsCurrent;
for (int i = 4; i >= 0, i--) {
g_Palette[699 + i * 3] = g_nMonitors[dwMonitorsCurrentWork * 3] >> 2; // Red
g_Palette[699 + i * 3 + 1] = g_nMonitors[dwMonitorsCurrentWork * 3 + 1] >> 2; // Green
g_Palette[699 + i * 3 + 2] = g_nMonitors[dwMonitorsCurrentWork * 3 + 2] >> 2; // Blue
if (dwMonitorsCurrentWork == 4)
dwMonitorsCurrentWork = 0;
else
dwMonitorsCurrentWork++;
}
if (g_dwMonitorsCurrent == 4)
g_dwMonitorsCurrent = 0;
else
g_dwMonitorsCurrent++;
g_dwLastCycleFast = dwCurrentTime;
bPaletteChanged = TRUE;
}
dwCurrentTime = GetTickCount();
if (dwCurrentTime - g_dwLastCycleVeryFast >= 33 * g_dwCycleSpeedFactor) {
// Blinking red
if ((g_nBlinkingRedCurrent == 0) || (g_nBlinkingRedCurrent == 60))
g_nBlinkingRed = BYTE(-g_nBlinkingRed);
g_Palette [762] = g_nBlinkingRed + g_nBlinkingRedCurrent; // Red
g_Palette [763] = 0; // Green
g_Palette [764] = 0; // Blue
g_nBlinkingRedCurrent = g_nBlinkingRed + g_nBlinkingRedCurrent;
g_dwLastCycleVeryFast = dwCurrentTime;
bPaletteChanged = TRUE;
}
if (bPaletteChanged)
UpdatePalette ();
}